澶╃劧鏀惧皠鎬ц“鍙樼郴鍒椾腑锛屼富瑕佸瓨鍦ㄩ搥绯汇侀拲绯讳互鍙婇敃绯伙紝涓変釜绯诲垪涓紝鍏舵瘝浣撴牳绱犵殑鍗婅“鏈熼兘寰堥暱锛屽洜姝ゅ湪鑷劧鐣屼腑骞挎硾瀛樺湪銆傚畠浠兘鏈変竴涓皵鎬佹斁灏勬ф牳绱狅紝閮戒负姘$殑鍚屼綅绱狅紝鍒嗗埆涓222Rn銆220Rn鍜219Rn锛屽叾閮借兘閫告暎锛屽洜鑰屽畠浠殑琛板彉瀛愪綋鍙檮鐫浜庣墿浣撹〃闈紝杩欎簺瀛愪綋鎴戜滑绉颁箣涓烘斁灏勬ф矇娣鐗┿傚洜姝わ紝瀹為檯搴旂敤涓湪杩涜澶╃劧鏀惧皠鎬ф牳绱犖辫兘璋辨祴閲忔椂锛屼富瑕佹槸瀵规啊鍙婂叾浠ュ悗伪琛板彉浣撲骇鐢熺殑伪绮掑瓙杩涜娴嬮噺銆閿曠郴鎬绘槸涓庨搥绯诲叡鐢熺殑锛屼絾閿曠郴涓殑姣嶄綋鏍哥礌235U閲忓緢灏戯紝涓鑸儏鍐典笅锛屽畠瀵规祴閲忕殑褰卞搷鍙笉浜堣冭檻銆傚洜姝わ紝鍙冭檻瀵归搥绯诲拰閽嶇郴伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愮殑娴嬮噺銆傝〃5-1锛岃〃5-2鍒嗗埆涓洪搥绯汇侀拲绯昏“鍙橀摼涓啊鍙婂叾瀛愪綋伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勮兘閲忓強鍗婅“鏈[2]銆
琛5-1 閾绯222Rn鍙婂叾瀛愪綋琛板彉琛
鏍哥礌 | 伪灏勭嚎 锛MeV锛 | 伪琛板彉鍑犵巼 | 鍗婅“鏈 |
Rn-222 | 5.482 | 100% | 3.82d |
Po-218 | 6.002 | 100% | 3.05m |
Pb-214 | - | - | 26.8m |
Bi-214 | 5.448 | 0.021% | 19.7m |
5.512 | 0.011% | ||
Po-214 | 7.687 | 99.96% | 164ms |
Pb-214 | - | - | 22.3a |
Bi-210 | - | - | 5d |
Po-210 | 5.301 | 100% | 138.4d |
琛5-2 閽嶇郴220Rn鍙婂叾瀛愪綋琛板彉琛
鏍哥礌 Element | 伪灏勭嚎 伪-ray 锛MeV锛 | 伪琛板彉鍑犵巼 伪decay probability | 鍗婅“鏈 Half-life |
Rn-220 | 6.282 | 100% | 55.6s |
Po-216 | 6.774 | 100% | 0.15s |
Pb-212 | - | - | 10.64 |
Bi-212 | 6.051 | 33.7% | 60.6m |
Po-212 | 8.785 | 66.3% | 0.1us |
浠庤〃5-1鍜岃〃5-2鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屽湪閾绯讳腑锛222Rn鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负5.482MeV锛屽湪鍏惰兘閲忛檮杩戝彧鏈214Bi鐨勎辫“鍙樹骇鐢熺殑伪绮掑瓙鐨勮兘閲(5.448MeV鍜5.512MeV)涓庡叾鎺ヨ繎锛屼絾鏄敱浜庡叾琛板彉鍑犵巼闈炲父浣庯紝绾0.033%锛屽洜姝わ紝鍏跺奖鍝嶅彲蹇界暐銆傜悊璁轰笂鍋囧娴嬮噺绯荤粺鏈夎冻澶熺殑鎺㈡祴鏁堢巼涓斿皠绾挎病鏈夎兘閲忔崯澶卞皠鍒版帰娴嬪櫒涓婏紙鍥犱负Rn222姘斾綋鏈韩鏄笉甯︾數鐨勶紝鎵浠ュ疄闄呬笂杩欎釜鐗╃悊鏉′欢鏄笉鍏峰鐨勶級锛屽垯鍙互閫氳繃伪鑳借氨鏂瑰紡娴嬮噺姘℃湰韬“鍙樼殑浜х敓伪绮掑瓙鏁版潵瀹炵幇瀵规啊鐨勬祴閲忋218Po鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负6.002MeV锛岃屼笖鍦ㄩ搥绯昏“鍙橀摼涓紝鍏堕檮杩戜笉瀛樺湪瀵瑰叾褰㈡垚骞叉壈鐨勎辫緪灏勪綋銆備粎浠呭湪閽嶇郴琛板彉閾句腑锛屾湁212Bi琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲(6.005MeV)涓庡叾鎺ヨ繎銆備絾鐢变簬鍏朵负212Pb鐨勮“鍙樺瓙浣擄紝鐢变簬212Pb鍗婅“鏈熶负10.64h锛屾瘮218Po鐨勫崐琛版湡闀跨殑澶氾紝鍚屾椂212Bi鍗婅“鏈熶负60.6鍒嗭紝涔熸瘮218Po鐨勫崐琛版湡闀垮緱澶氾紝鍔犱笂鍏惰“鍙樺嚑鐜囧彧鏈33.7%锛屽洜姝ゅ湪瀹為檯娴嬮噺宸ヤ綔涓紝鍙互閫氳繃閽嶅皠姘斿钩琛℃椂鍊橮o212鐨勮鏁帮紝鎵i櫎212Bi瀵218Po鐨勬祴閲忓奖鍝嶇殑褰卞搷銆214Po鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负7.687MeV锛屽湪閾绯诲拰閽嶇郴涓潎娌℃湁鍏跺畠鏍哥礌瀵瑰叾浜х敓骞叉壈锛屽洜姝ゅ叾鑳介噺鍏锋湁鐗瑰緛鎬с傚湪閽嶇郴涓紝220Rn鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负6.282MeV锛屽湪鍏惰兘閲忛檮杩戞病鏈夊叾瀹冩牳绱犺兘閲忓鍏跺舰鎴愬共鎵帮紝鍦ㄩ珮鑳介噺鍒嗚鲸鐜囩殑伪鑳借氨娴嬮噺绯荤粺涓紝鑳藉垎杈ㄥ嚭鍏惰兘閲忕壒寰併備絾鏄敱浜220Rn鍗婅“鏈熺煭锛屽叾閫告暎璺濈寰堢煭銆傚悓鏃剁敱浜庝笉甯︾數锛屼篃涓嶈兘婊¤冻鑳借氨娴嬮噺鐨勭墿鐞嗘潯浠讹紝鍥犳涔熶笉閫傚悎瀵瑰叾杩涜鑳借氨娴嬮噺銆216Po鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负6.774MeV锛212Po鍙戠敓伪琛板彉浜х敓鐨勎辩矑瀛愯兘閲忎负8.785MeV锛岃繖涓や釜鑳介噺闄勮繎锛屽湪閾閽嶇郴涓潎娌℃湁瀵瑰叾浜х敓骞叉壈鐨勬牳绱犺兘閲忋傚洜姝わ紝鍙互閲囩敤伪鑳借氨鏂瑰紡瀵瑰叾瀹氭ф祴閲忋
- 涓婁竴绡囷細伪鑳借氨娴嬮噺鏈簳銆佸共鎵板拰姹℃煋
- 涓嬩竴绡囷細
